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CALP |
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For example, techniques for working with a student with a low cognitive academic language proficiency ( According to Cummins (1996), decontextualized, highly Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency that is used in reading and writing is different from Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills English used for daily conversation. In his now classic work, Cummins notes that BICS typically is acquired over a period of one or two years, but that academic language, or cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP), can take from five to eight years to master. |
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