unbundled network elements available to competitors at regulated rates.
James Taylor and I estimated that that
unbundled network element platform regulation transferred approximately $3.1 billion from incumbent phone companies to competitors in 2003.
Competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs) that operate as resellers via
unbundled network element platforms (UNE-P) may find themselves "transitioned" off their incumbents' networks in a few years.
* All incumbents were required to sell
unbundled network elements (such as rights to use the copper local loop or access to central office equipment) to entrants; the FCC and state utilities commissions would set the pricing methodology for
unbundled network elements.
the prices for interconnection and access to
unbundled network elementsthe generally lower levels of
unbundled network element (LINE) rates
Inter alia, the FCC's authority to promulgate nation-wide rules, its standard to assess impairment and its guidelines for
unbundled network element pricing were contested.
consumers by mandating low
unbundled network element prices, regulators
Three important obligations include the following: First, ILECs have a duty to enable competitors to interconnect with the ILECs network, for the transmission and routing of exchange service and exchange access, at any technically feasible point within the network.(13) These services must be offered at rates, terms, and conditions that are just, reasonable, and nondiscriminatory.(14) Second, ILECs must provide
unbundled network elements (UNEs) to competitors at any technically feasible point within the network.
Russell's professional experience includes serving as CEO and acting chief legal officer of the Competitive Telecommunications Association, which is the largest association representing competitive facilities-based carriers, providers using
unbundled network elements, global integrated communications companies, and their supplier partners.
This is known as the UNE (
unbundled network elements) approach (BARANES & BOURREAU, 2007; DIPPON & WARE, 2010; GABELMANN, 2001; OECD, 2003; SUTHERLAND, 2007).