It could be argued that the
gene-environment interactions paradigm is rooted in much of the work produced by Sir Francis Galton through his work entitled English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture (Galton, 1874).
They discuss understanding skin color variation as an adaptation by detecting
gene-environment interactions; information theoretic methods for analyzing
gene-environment interactions; approaches for
gene-environment interaction analysis: the practice of regional epidemiological study; using bioinformatics in revealing the identity of nature's products with minimum genetic variation: the sibling species; and integrating bioinformatics, biostatistics, and molecular epidemiological approaches to study how the environment and genes work together to influence the development of complex chronic diseases.
Certainly, more large-scale human association studies aimed at identifying
gene-environment interactions in the development of PD may prove to be fruitful.
We used a joint test with two degrees of freedom to derive p-values for the joint effects of gene marginal and
gene-environment interactions. This approach has been shown under a range of scenarios to have greater power for identifying novel genetic candidates than tests of the gene marginal effect or
gene-environment interaction effects alone (Hancock et al.
The validity of
gene-environment interaction studies for VTE has increased the knowledge of disease etiology.
As explained above,
gene-environment interaction can be detected through the study of genetic influences that are inferred via comparisons of different types of relatives (such as twins) (i.e., latent genetic influences), or through the study of specific measured genes by molecular techniques.
We're looking at
gene-environment interaction effects.
Dr John Gallacher, a reader in environmental epidemiology at Cardiff University, who represents the all-Wales Biobank consortium, said: "Biobank looks at the
gene-environment interaction and is really the next generation of study.
Gene-environment interaction in the onset of eczema in infancy: filaggrin loss-of-function mutations enhanced by neonatal cat exposure.
In addition, very few resources are available for the systematic analysis of
gene-environment interaction on a large-scale basis.
The only factor significantly associated with smoking status in control individuals was change in lateral tibiofemoral cartilage volume, providing evidence for a "
gene-environment interaction in the etiology of knee OA."