Voilley, "Silencing acid-sensing ion channel 1a alters cone-mediated retinal function," Journal of Neuroscience, vol.
Gouaux, "Structure of acid-sensing ion channel 1 at 1.9 A resolution and low pH," Nature, vol.
Acid-sensing ion channel 3 matches the acid-gated current in cardiac ischemia-sensing neurons.
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are leading acid sensors in nociceptors, and they are mainly activated in pathophysiological states of acidosis.
Known receptors include the capsaicin-sensitive vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) (Caterina et al., 1997; Dinh et al., 2003; Nakagawa and Hiura, 2006) and related receptors in the TRP family (Story and Cruz-Orengo, 2007), the
acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) (Ichikawa and Sugimoto, 2002), the purinergic receptor (P2X) (Spehr et al., 2004), and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nACHR) (Alimohammadi and Silver, 2000).
Yuan et al., "Involvement of acid-sensing ion channel 1[alpha] in hepatic carcinoma cell migration and invasion," Tumor Biology, vol.
Acid-Sensing ion Channels. The acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are members of the degenerin/epithelial Na+ channel superfamily, which are activated by extracellular protons and induce an amiloride-sensitive cation current ([Na.sup.+] > [Ca.sup.2+] > [K.sup.+]) [158].
List of Abbreviations AHR: Airway hyperresponsiveness ASIC:
Acid-sensing ion channel ASM: Airway smooth muscle [[[Ca.sup.2+]].sub.i]: Intracellular [Ca.sup.2+] concentration DC: Dendritic cell ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase GPCR: G protein-coupled receptor [G.sub.q]: [G.sub.q] protein [G.sub.s]: [G.sub.s] protein LPS: Lipopolysaccharide OGR1: Ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase RGS: Regulator of G protein signaling TDAG8: T cell-death associated gene 8 TNF-[alpha]: Tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] TRPV1: Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 PKA: Protein kinase A.
In the nervous system, AA and its metabolites can modulate activities of multiple ion channels directly or indirectly, including tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxinresistant (TTX-R) sodium channels [70], voltage-gated [Ca.sup.2+] and [K.sup.+] channels [71-73], [Ca.sup.2+] -dependent [K.sup.+] channels [74], and
acid-sensing ion channels [75].
Anne Baron from the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology in Valbonne, France, and her colleagues, hunted through hundreds of compounds for one that blocks
acid-sensing ion channels in nerves.
These receptors, called
acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), allow pain nerves to sense the ambient concentration of protons--in other words, the pH.
However, animals lacking those
acid-sensing ion channels showed less fear, a condition that was reversed when the channels were reinstated specifically in their amygdala.