Moreover, areas where the cell integrity is affected, that is, areas where the cortical ring-shaped actin on cell borders disappears (arrows) are visible under mixed exposure (hypoxia + AZA) conditions, further confirming DIC and BFRL data.
By evaluating cell morphology (DIC), cell surface contacts (BFRL), and the actin cytoskeleton (fluorescence), as well as the extracellular medium acidification (pH measurements), we were able to confirm the cellular effects induced by hypoxic conditions and upon AZA inhibition of CA highlighted noninvasively and label free using impedance bioassay.