Osteoporosis diagnosis has been improved significantly by complementing
bone mineral density measurement findings with vertebral fracture assessment, micro-architecture estimation and fracture risk assessment tool which can be installed on the existing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry devices and it is possible to calculate a ten-year risk for fracture and identify patients with osteoporosis and high fracture risk.
Bone mineral density measurements: Spine (L2-L4) and hip (neck, trochanter, intertrochanteric, and Ward's Triangle) bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) using the Horologic QDR-1000 (Horologic Inc., Waltham, MA, USA).
The women had received the Pap smears for routine cervical cancer screening and were invited to undergo
bone mineral density measurement as part of the investigation.
Skin elasticity and bone mineral density correlate so closely that any noticeable increase in skin slackness occurring during menopause should prompt a
bone mineral density measurement, Dr.
One author disclosed financial ties to Auckland Bone Density, a company that provides
bone mineral density measurements.
A study, published in The Lancet, has shown that a simple questionnaire, combined with
bone mineral density measurements for some, would help identify those at risk of hip fracture.
The hip, which carries a load 2 to 3 times body weight, may be preferentially affected by weight loss, and this may account for the large declines in hip
bone mineral density measurements seen in most studies (5).
Bone mineral density measurements: Bone mineral density of lumbar spine (LS, L1-L4), total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), trochanter (Tro) and ward's triangle (WT) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (QDR-4500A; Hologic, Waltham, MA).
[17.] Iqbal SI, Morch LS, Rosenzweig M, Dela F (2005) The Outcome of
Bone Mineral Density Measurements on Patients Referred From General Practise.
Simulated increases in body fat and errors in
bone mineral density measurements by DXA and QCT.
Prediction of fracture from low
bone mineral density measurements overestimates risk.
However bone resorption markers are considered as strong predictors of bone loss as compared to bone formation markers.11,12 Bone mass can be determined by
bone mineral density measurements for assessing fracture risk and diagnosing osteoporosis.13 Many technologies are available for measuring bone mineral density but Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) has been reported by many investigators as gold standard for measurement of bone mass density.14