Signs and symptoms in patients with CM-I occur due to direct compression of the posterior fossa structures and altered cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics at the
craniocervical junction. The severity of the clinical signs is proportional to the impact on the flow of cerebrospinal fluid at the
craniocervical junction,[10] and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid flow patterns are detected significantly more often in patients with symptomatic CM-I than in those with asymptomatic tonsillar ectopia.[11]
Anatomy and Physiology of the
Craniocervical Junction (CCJ)
When performing dynamic CT myelography, patients are positioned prone in Trendelenburg position typically using a large foam wedge with the hips elevated above the
craniocervical junction to ensure downward trajectory of contrast flow.
Surgery for chordomas of the
craniocervical junction: lessons learned.
Keywords:
Craniocervical junction anomalies, os odontoideum, myelopathy
MRI of the cervical spine revealed spinal cord compression at the level of the foramen magnum secondary to a
craniocervical junction anomaly with severe kyphosis of the upper cervical spine at the level of C3-C4 (Figure 1).
The following definitions were provided: type 1, nondisplaced OCF; type 2A, displaced OCF with intact ligaments; and type 2B, displaced OCF with radiographic evidence of
craniocervical junction instability.
There are several developmental variations in the region of the
craniocervical junction. Some variations are minor anatomic abnormalities, but they can cause severe diagnostic problems.
KEYWORDS:
Craniocervical junction instability, Occipitocervical fusion.
Among his topics are brain anatomy and development, posterior fossa malformations, perinatal imaging, neurocutaneous syndromes, seizures, infection and inflammation, vascular abnormalities, sella turcica/pineal gland, skull and scalp, skull base and cranial nerves, vascular abnormalities of the head and neck, temporal bone, spine anatomy and
craniocervical junction, and congenital and developmental spine abnormalities.
Schwannomas of the
craniocervical junction and high cervical region (C0-C2) extending anteriorly were treated with a posterior approach with suboccipital extension (when required) or with a posterior-lateral (far lateral) approach [23-26].