The
GHQ-28 is a self-administered screening test, which is sensitive to the presence of psychiatric disorders in individuals presenting in primary care settings and non-psychiatric clinical settings.
Quality of life and psychiatric morbidity was assessed using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire3 and General Health Questionnaire-28 (
GHQ-28).4 Data were entered into Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17 software.
Items of
GHQ-28 are scored as 0 for the first two responses on a Likert type scale and 1 for the other two.
The
GHQ-28 is a 28-item questionnaire used to measure emotional distress in medical settings in four subscales such as somatic symptoms (items 1-7), anxiety/insomnia (items 8-14), social dysfunction (items 15-21), and severe depression (items 22-28).
In the
GHQ-28 questionnaire assessment, the ashwagandha group showed clear reductions in many stress-related symptoms, including the following:
The patients were assessed with the
GHQ-28, SF-36 pre-and post-intervention, and six-month post-intervention (follow-up).
The data gathered in this study included demographic questionnaire and the standardized questionnaire
GHQ-28. Demographic questionnaire was developed by researchers based on scientific resources and on the objectives of the study.
Because of the very numerous questions and questionnaires involved, we had to limit additional measures to assess depression or anxiety symptoms and thus made use of the
GHQ-28 subscales.
The metric properties of the
GHQ-28 have been explored in numerous studies [64, 65].