The levels of Cyclin B1, PCNA, BAX, and Caspae-3 were normalized against
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) levels as relative fold change ([2.sup.-[DELTA][DELTA]Ct]).
The human
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, which is a heterologous target, was used as an internal control (Table 2).
Sequence-specific binding of transfer-RNA by
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Science, v.259, p.365-368, 1993.
We are specifically interested to synthesize isoxazoline derivatives as potential inhibitors of the
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) enzyme in the Plasmodium falciparum parasite.
Highly expressed genes such as [beta]-actin (act),
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), or IHS ribosomal RNA (18S) have been commonly used as reference genes; however, several authors have demonstrated that their expression under different experimental conditions is not stable, leading to a misinterpretation of the results (Thellin et al.
(5) Alteration of homeostasis and cellular toxicity--actin, enolase,
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: they cause damage to different tissue types and alteration of cellular homeostasis and maybe neurotoxic [34].
Egr1: early growth response factor 1; GAPDH:
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
The mRNA levels of VEGF, bFGF, and PEDF were determined and compared after being normalized to the mRNA level of
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by using the [2.sup.-[DELTA][DELTA]Ct] method.
Reference genes were
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and TATA-binding protein.
As a reference, expression of
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA as housekeeping gene was expressed.
PVDF membranes were incubated overnight at 4[degrees]C with one of the following antibodies diluted in primary antibody dilution buffer according to the manufacturers' instructions: rabbit anti-VDR (1:1000 dilution; ABclonal Technology Co., Ltd, China), CYP27B1 (1:1000 dilution; Abcam plc., USA), or
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; 1:5000 dilution; Proteintech Group, USA).