We may mention slogans like, "Pamberi nekugutsa ruzhinji!" (Forward with the satisfying of the multitude!), and, "
Ivhu kuvanhu!"(Land for the people!), and, "
Ivhu inhaka yedu tose vatema!" (The land is the inheritance of all of us as blacks!) Such philosophy, soon after Independence, ceased to be practiced.
And in contrast, MDC's manifesto (1999) also called for
Ivhu kuvanhu (land to the people), however, this stance was subsequently muffled as mere 'window dressing' by ZANU (PF) as MDC has seemed to favour a 'middle way' that was more accountable and well planned whilst ZANU (PF)'s strategy 'inside the third Chimurenga" and even 'beyond the third Chimurenga' could employ jambanja for political expediency and to defend ancestral land.