Abbreviations CL: Cutaneous leishmaniasis MCL: Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis VL: Visceral leishmaniasis PCR: Polyclonal chain reaction ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay IFA: Indirect Fluorescent Antibody DAT: Direct Agglutination Test LST: Leishmanin Skin Test
PKDL: Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis DCL: Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis IV: Intravenous IM: Intramuscular IL: Intralymphatic GIS: Geographical Information System.
Visceral leishmaniasis and its skin complication (
PKDL) among those treated for VL are common in Bangladesh.
We treated
PKDL case-patients with amphotericin B deoxycholate in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines (8), and these patients recovered clinically.
PKDL occurs in high rates during or shortly after treatment.
Similarly,
PKDL, has been described to show an incidence rate as low as 5-10 Percent in Indian VL patients, while an incidence rate as high as 58 Percent was reported in Sudanese VL patients.24 Polymorphism at IFNGR1 gene was found to be associated specifically with
PKDL disease susceptibility among Sudanese populations.12
Biopsy of dermal lesion (preferably nodular type) of clinically diagnosed
PKDL patients was inoculated in modified NNN medium overlaid with Locke's and incubated the culture at 25 [+ or -] 1[degrees]C in BOD incubator for one month.
Accurate diagnosis of
PKDL is important due to the long and toxic treatment with antileishmanial drugs.
Using randomized sampling, we tested samples from 122 kala-azar patients from India, 20
PKDL patients from India, and 40 VL patients from Brazil.
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (
PKDL) cases have not been found yet in Nepal.
A case of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (
PKDL) was also found in this area, a 32 yr male who was treated wrongly for tuberculosis initially and later for leprosy after development of
PKDL.
Post-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis (
PKDL) is a complication of visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) that emerges as a new disease entity following successful treatment of VL.
Although there have been reports of
PKDL in untreated patients, the generally accepted view is that this cutaneous manifestation of VL appears only alter treatment.