These include the Effective Provision of Pre-school Education (EPPE) project (Sylva et al., 2003), Researching Effective Pedagogy in the Early Years (REPEY) project (Siraj-Blatchford, Sylva, Muttock, Gitden & Bell, 2002) and the Study of Pedagogical Effectiveness in Early Learning (SPEEL) (Moyles, Adams & Musgrove, 2002).