Materials and Methods: Plasma levels of
sCD40L, P-selectin, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and prothrombin fragment 1+2 [(F) 1+2] were determined in thirty-five hypercholesterolemic patients (20 girls and 15 boys; age, median: 13 years) and forty healthy normocholesterolemic subjects (28 girls and 12 boys; age, median: 13 years).
Serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) (catalogue number EIA-4512), soluble CD40 Ligand (
sCD40L) (catalogue number EIA4851), and placental growth factor (PlGF) (catalogue number EIA-4529) concentrations were assayed by ELISA methods with DRG Instruments GmbH (Germany) kits.
The levels of
sCD40L and sPS were analysed in serum samples, and the levels of PF4 and BT were analysed in plasma samples.
Therefore, we monitored levels of
sCD40L, a marker for platelet activation.
Determination of TNF-[alpha], IL-6, and
sCD40L levels
The mechanism of the inflammatory process modulation by rheohaemapheresis in the pathogenesis of AMD could also be documented by a significant decrease in inflammatory markers IL-10, IgM, or CD30 and
sCD40L in case of atherosclerotic mechanism, respectively.
A significantly elevated level of five novel cytokines including
sCD40L, GM-CSF, IFN[alpha]2, IL-12p40, and MCP-3 in the vitreous of PDR patients previously not associated with the disease was also recently reported [61].
ATOPAXAR (E 5555): Atopaxar (E5555) is a reversible protease-activated receptor-1 thrombin receptor antagonist that interferes with platelet signaling and inhibits the release or expression of the inflammatory markers that have been linked to a high risk of events in patients with acute coronary syndrome, including the release of
sCD40L, interleukin 6 and the expression of P selectin.
Interquartile range increases in pollutant concentrations were consistently associated with statistically significant increases in fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, heart rate, sCD62P, and
SCD40L concentrations," they said.
Soluble CD40 ligand (
sCD40L) is expressed on platelets and released from them on activation.
More than 90% of soluble form of CD40L (
sCD40L) is secreted by platelets.