Rituximab for prevention of delayed
hemolytic transfusion reaction in sickle cell disease.
The transfusion of donor red blood cells (RBCs) that are incompatible with the recipient's blood type can lead to immune-mediated
hemolytic transfusion reaction, in which the recipient's immune system produces antibodies that destroy the donor cells.
Transfusion reactions ranged between immediate
hemolytic transfusion reaction (IHTR) in one patient, asymptomatic in 3 patients, and delayed
hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTR) in the rest.
Sensitization of the recipient and production of alloantibodies can result in a severe acute
hemolytic transfusion reaction and even death if a second DEA 1 positive RBC transfusion is administered to the same patient [15-17].
Through incidental discovery during evaluation of a delayed
hemolytic transfusion reaction, multiorgan extramedullary plasmacytomas were found in the liver and spleen, with possible involvement of the lung.
Acute
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction in a Patient with Bombay Phenotype: Implications for ABO Grouping.
The clinical and laboratory findings did not support an acute
hemolytic transfusion reaction. Gram staining of a direct smear prepared from the erythrocyte unit showed a high bacterial inoculum, strongly suggesting multiplication of bacteria in this unit before transfusion.
[3] Nonstandard abbreviations: DAT, direct antiglobulin test; RBC, red blood cell; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; WAIHA, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia; DHTR, delayed
hemolytic transfusion reaction; DIIHA, drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia.
(13) As dePEGylation ensues, donor RBC surface antigens would be exposed to host antibodies and
hemolytic transfusion reaction could occur.
Daniels (Bristol Institute for Transfusion Services) and Bromilow (DiaMed AG) describe the ABO, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS, Diego, and Lewis blood group systems, and explain the clinical significance of blood group antibodies causing
hemolytic transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
Acute
hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) is of particular concern because it can cause severe complications and death (Payandeh et al., 2013).